How Elon Musk uses X to amplify right-wing views: An in-depth analysis

Elon Musk, the owner of X (formerly Twitter), has increasingly leveraged the platform to promote his political views, particularly aligning with right-wing figures and ideologies. This development reflects a broader shift in the platform’s role and impact on public discourse.

Musk’s Political Engagement and Platform Evolution

When Musk acquired Twitter in 2022, he described his motivation as a commitment to enhancing free speech on the platform. He envisioned it as a "digital town square" essential for democratic debate and the future of civilisation. His focus on free speech was framed as a counter to perceived threats against this principle, which he considers foundational to democracy.

However, under Musk’s ownership, X has become a notable venue for his political opinions and endorsements. In recent months, Musk has:

• Spread Right-Wing Content: Promoted memes and misinformation regarding illegal immigration, alleged election fraud, and transgender policies.

• Endorsed Political Figures: Publicly supported former President Donald Trump’s presidential campaign and co-hosted Florida Governor Ron DeSantis’ presidential bid announcement.

• Facilitated Controversial Events: Hosted interviews and events that have occasionally faced technical issues and criticism for their political slant.

Global Reactions and Controversies

Musk's approach has not been without controversy, both domestically and internationally:

• Domestic Criticisms: Critics argue that Musk’s actions may undermine the very principles of free speech he claims to champion. Analysts like Jasmine Enberg express concern that the platform could become increasingly partisan, marginalising opposing viewpoints and potentially disillusioning users who supported Musk's initial free speech agenda.

• International Conflicts: Musk has clashed with officials from various countries over the balance between free speech and misinformation. Notably, he has faced criticism from the British government for posts suggesting imminent civil unrest in the UK and from Venezuelan authorities for allegedly facilitating political unrest through X.

Comparison with Other Social Media Platforms

In contrast to X’s politicisation, other major social media platforms like Meta’s Facebook and Instagram are moving away from political content. Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg has notably avoided endorsing political candidates and has reduced the prominence of political content in users’ feeds.

Musk’s Unique Position and Future Implications

Elon Musk’s handling of X represents a departure from the norms established by previous social media leaders. His behaviour and the platform’s content policies reflect a unique blend of personal ideology and media strategy. This approach has both drawn criticism and captured public attention, contributing to X’s resilience amid controversy.

Musk’s unorthodox use of X to broadcast political opinions and engage in high-profile disputes illustrates his broader strategy of maintaining visibility and influence. Whether this will lead to a more polarised platform or ultimately drive its success remains to be seen. The ongoing debate about the platform’s role in shaping political discourse and public perception continues to evolve as Musk's tenure progresses.