Ethereum’s Glamsterdam hard fork entered its final development testnet phase on Tuesday, with 10 Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs) locked in what is described as the network’s largest protocol upgrade since the Merge. According to ChainCatcher, two core proposals are EIP-7732 and EIP-7928.
EIP-7732 would write enshrined proposer-builder separation (ePBS) directly into the consensus layer, replacing the current reliance on off-chain relays such as MEV-Boost. EIP-7928 would introduce block-level access lists (BALs), allowing validators to process unrelated transactions in parallel.
ChainCatcher said the two proposals together would pave the way for a 200 million gas target, about three times the current level of roughly 60 million. It added that this could theoretically support throughput of around 10,000 transactions per second.
On the user side, EIP-2780 is expected to reduce the cost of standard ETH transfers by up to 71%.
A mainnet activation date has not been set. The upgrade must first be validated on the Holesky and Hoodi testnets, and based on historical timelines it is expected to go live between September and December 2026.
ChainCatcher noted that the 200 million gas level is a design target rather than a mandatory hard-fork parameter, and would be raised gradually through validator gas-vote signaling.
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