Chinese regulators including the People’s Bank of China (PBOC), the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC), local CSRC offices and stock exchanges have issued 190 penalty notices to securities firms and industry practitioners so far in 2026, involving more than 50 brokerages, according to Jiemian News. Brokerage-related cases accounted for the largest share, mainly involving employees privately accepting client orders to trade securities and other marketing compliance breaches; investment banking penalties were the second-largest category, including inadequate due diligence and weak bond internal controls.