Ethereum Node Concentration in the U.S. Raises Finality Concerns if Nodes Go Offline, Researcher Says

Research from the Cambridge Center for Alternative Finance estimated that 31% of Ethereum node activity is located in the United States, highlighting potential network risks tied to geographic concentration. According to NS3.AI, Alexander Neumuller said that if more than one-third of nodes were to go dark at the same time, Ethereum checkpoints could stop finalizing. The research also estimated Ethereum’s annual energy consumption at about 7.9 gigawatt-hours following the merge.