Vitalik Buterin: Lean Ethereum Is a Three- to Four-Year Upgrade Plan for Ethereum’s Next Iteration

Vitalik Buterin said “Lean Ethereum” is a collection of upgrades expected to take three or four years and described it as Ethereum’s third major iteration after the Merge. According to NS3.AI, an Ethereum Foundation (EF) Architecture strawmap outlines targets for the initiative, including seconds-level finality and throughput goals of 1 gigagas/sec on Ethereum’s layer 1. The strawmap also lists ambitions for teragas-scale capacity on layer 2 networks, post-quantum security, and making privacy a first-class goal on layer 1.